1、 Introduction to fluorite

Fluorite, also called fluorite, is the crystal of calcium fluoride. The theoretical composition of calcium fluoride is: Ca 51.1, F 48.9. As an important mineral raw material for modern industry, fluorite is mainly used in new energy, new materials and other strategic emerging industries, as well as metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, optical industry and other traditional fields. Fluorite is a valuable strategic resource that can be used up and is not renewable. It is "a world-class rare resource similar to rare earth". In the National Mineral Resources Plan (2016-2020) formulated in 2016, fluorite was included in China's "strategic mineral directory".

Fluorite deposits can be divided into "associated (symbiotic) type" and "single type" fluorite deposits according to their symbiotic association, structural and wall rock characteristics and processing performance. The main minerals of concomitant (symbiotic) fluorite deposit are lead zinc sulfide, tungsten tin polymetallic sulfide, rare earth magnet and calcite. Fluorite is distributed among them as gangue, and is comprehensively recycled along with the main ore mining, mainly used to produce metallurgical grade fluorite fine powder. The ore composition of the single type fluorite deposit is mainly fluorite and quartz, with a small amount of calcite, barite, kaolinite, pyrite, potassium feldspar, and a small amount of metal sulfide and phosphorus bearing minerals. Apart from traditional chemical industry, acid grade fluorite concentrate produced from this type of ore is also widely used in strategic emerging industries such as new energy and new materials.

2、 Main uses of fluorite

Fluorite and its downstream products are widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, optics and other traditional fields. In recent years, with the emergence of new energy, new materials and other strategic emerging industries, fluorinated materials used in these fields are expected to become new pillars of the fluorochemical industry.

3、 Global production of fluorite

In recent ten years, although the exploitable reserves of fluorite in China only account for about 10% of the world's total, the output of fluorite fine powder in China has always accounted for more than 50% of the world's total, and the proportion has risen to about 60% in recent years. The main reasons for the above phenomenon are as follows: 1) Compared with Mexico and Mongolia, which are resource rich countries, most fluorite mines in China currently have the characteristics of less impurities, easy mining and dressing, and have obvious advantages in product quality and production cost; 2) In developed countries such as Europe and the United States, the reserves of fluorite resources are relatively small, the degree of mining mechanization is generally low, and the cost of manual mining is high, which affects the economic benefits of fluorite development and the enthusiasm of enterprises; 3) In some underdeveloped countries, the infrastructure is not complete, so the production efficiency is low; 4) Transportation costs account for a large proportion in the cost composition of fluorite products, so fluorite is of high development value in areas where downstream users are concentrated.

Taiming fluorite color sorter

4、 Market competition pattern and development trend

The provinces with large reserves of fluorite resources in China include Hunan, Zhejiang, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Fujian and other provinces and autonomous regions. From the mining situation, China's fluorite industry is characterized by a wide distribution of mines and a large number of small mines. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Land and Resources, as of 2014, there were 1229 fluorite mines in China. Based on the output of 3.8 million tons of fluorite in 2014, the average output of each mine is less than 4000 tons. At present, China's fluorite industry is dominated by private enterprises, which are characterized by small scale, extensive management and low industry concentration.

From the perspective of the industry development trend, the policies and measures intensively introduced by the state in recent years reflect the firm determination to guide the industry towards centralized, large-scale and standardized operation, and realize the rational development and full utilization of resources. In recent years, the national and provincial total production and mining indicators and environmental protection and ecological policies have reflected the policy idea of leaning to superior enterprises; The formulation of industry access standards and the release of industry access enterprises in succession are conducive to the elimination of mines and enterprises in the industry that are too small and have relatively backward technical level. In a word, the national industrial policies will be conducive to the development of advantageous enterprises in the industry. These enterprises are expected to become bigger and stronger in the process of industry integration by virtue of their own resources, capital and technology advantages.